network
--- network configuration¶
This module provides network drivers and routing configuration. To use this
module, a MicroPython variant/build with network capabilities must be installed.
Network drivers for specific hardware are available within this module and are
used to configure hardware network interface(s). Network services provided
by configured interfaces are then available for use via the usocket
module.
For example:
# connect/ show IP config a specific network interface
# see below for examples of specific drivers
import network
import utime
nic = network.Driver(...)
if not nic.isconnected():
nic.connect()
print("Waiting for connection...")
while not nic.isconnected():
utime.sleep(1)
print(nic.ifconfig())
# now use usocket as usual
import usocket as socket
addr = socket.getaddrinfo('micropython.org', 80)[0][-1]
s = socket.socket()
s.connect(addr)
s.send(b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: micropython.org\r\n\r\n')
data = s.recv(1000)
s.close()
Common network adapter interface¶
This section describes an (implied) abstract base class for all network
interface classes implemented by MicroPython ports
for different hardware. This means that MicroPython does not actually
provide AbstractNIC
class, but any actual NIC class, as described
in the following sections, implements methods as described here.
-
class
network.
AbstractNIC
(id=None, ...)¶
Instantiate a network interface object. Parameters are network interface
dependent. If there are more than one interface of the same type, the first
parameter should be id
.
-
AbstractNIC.
active
([is_active])¶ Activate ("up") or deactivate ("down") the network interface, if a boolean argument is passed. Otherwise, query current state if no argument is provided. Most other methods require an active interface (behavior of calling them on inactive interface is undefined).
-
AbstractNIC.
connect
([service_id, key=None, *, ...])¶ Connect the interface to a network. This method is optional, and available only for interfaces which are not "always connected". If no parameters are given, connect to the default (or the only) service. If a single parameter is given, it is the primary identifier of a service to connect to. It may be accompanied by a key (password) required to access said service. There can be further arbitrary keyword-only parameters, depending on the networking medium type and/or particular device. Parameters can be used to: a) specify alternative service identifer types; b) provide additional connection parameters. For various medium types, there are different sets of predefined/recommended parameters, among them:
- WiFi: bssid keyword to connect to a specific BSSID (MAC address)
-
AbstractNIC.
disconnect
()¶ Disconnect from network.
-
AbstractNIC.
isconnected
()¶ Returns
True
if connected to network, otherwise returnsFalse
.
-
AbstractNIC.
scan
(*, ...)¶ Scan for the available network services/connections. Returns a list of tuples with discovered service parameters. For various network media, there are different variants of predefined/ recommended tuple formats, among them:
- WiFi: (ssid, bssid, channel, RSSI, authmode, hidden). There may be further fields, specific to a particular device.
The function may accept additional keyword arguments to filter scan results (e.g. scan for a particular service, on a particular channel, for services of a particular set, etc.), and to affect scan duration and other parameters. Where possible, parameter names should match those in connect().
-
AbstractNIC.
status
([param])¶ Query dynamic status information of the interface. When called with no argument the return value describes the network link status. Otherwise param should be a string naming the particular status parameter to retrieve.
The return types and values are dependent on the network medium/technology. Some of the parameters that may be supported are:
- WiFi STA: use
'rssi'
to retrieve the RSSI of the AP signal - WiFi AP: use
'stations'
to retrieve a list of all the STAs connected to the AP. The list contains tuples of the form (MAC, RSSI).
- WiFi STA: use
-
AbstractNIC.
ifconfig
([(ip, subnet, gateway, dns)])¶ Get/set IP-level network interface parameters: IP address, subnet mask, gateway and DNS server. When called with no arguments, this method returns a 4-tuple with the above information. To set the above values, pass a 4-tuple with the required information. For example:
nic.ifconfig(('192.168.0.4', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.0.1', '8.8.8.8'))
-
AbstractNIC.
config
('param')¶ -
AbstractNIC.
config
(param=value, ...) Get or set general network interface parameters. These methods allow to work with additional parameters beyond standard IP configuration (as dealt with by
ifconfig()
). These include network-specific and hardware-specific parameters. For setting parameters, the keyword argument syntax should be used, and multiple parameters can be set at once. For querying, a parameter name should be quoted as a string, and only one parameter can be queried at a time:# Set WiFi access point name (formally known as ESSID) and WiFi channel ap.config(essid='My AP', channel=11) # Query params one by one print(ap.config('essid')) print(ap.config('channel'))
Specific network class implementations¶
The following concrete classes implement the AbstractNIC interface and provide a way to control networking interfaces of various kinds.
Network functions¶
The following are functions available in the network module.
-
network.
phy_mode
([mode])¶ Get or set the PHY mode.
If the mode parameter is provided, sets the mode to its value. If the function is called without parameters, returns the current mode.
- The possible modes are defined as constants:
MODE_11B
-- IEEE 802.11b,MODE_11G
-- IEEE 802.11g,MODE_11N
-- IEEE 802.11n.
Availability: ESP8266.